Preparation of Tetra Pak-Based Hydrochars for Cleaning Water Polluted by Heavy Metal Ions: Physicochemical Properties and Removal Mechanism

This paper addresses the analysis of hydrothermal carbonization Tetra Pak residues using diluted sulfuric acid to obtain hydrochars for cleaning water polluted by heavy metal ions. The hydrochar samples were prepared under different conditions, and a detailed study their composition, textural parameters, surface functionalities was performed. It found that dwell time wastes significantly affected composition hydrochars. These contained oxygenated functional groups aluminum-silicon moieties responsible Pb2+, Zn2+, Hg2+ adsorption. removal these ions an endothermic multi-ionic process. Hydrothermal is promising approach improve waste management, generating materials with interesting properties addressing problem wastewater industrial effluent depollution.